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Charles Vacanti
Charles Alfred Vacanti (born 1949/50) is a researcher in tissue engineering and Professor of Anesthesiology at Harvard Medical School. He is a former head of the Department of Anesthesiology at the University of Massachusetts and Brigham and Women’s Hospital.
He is known for the Vacanti mouse, a mouse created with Linda Griffith and Joseph Upton with cartilage shaped like a human ear on its back, and for being the senior author on the first of two retracted articles on STAP cells, a concept proposed by his brother and himself, and co-authored with Haruko Obokata. Vacanti stood down as department chair of Brigham and Women's Hospital and took a one-year sabbatical from September 1, 2014.
==Tissue engineering==
In 1989, Vacanti first grew human cartilage in vitro on a biodegradable scaffold. After refining the techniques and building on the work of Robert Langer at MIT, in 1997 Vacanti and colleagues at the University of Massachusetts grew a cartilage structure resembling a human ear on the back of a nude mouse, using a polymer scaffold and cow knee chondrocyte cells.〔 Vacanti and his brother Joseph used the same technique to grow a chest plate for a 12-year-old boy who had been born without cartilage or bone over his left lung.〔 In 1998, the team at Massachusetts led by Vacanti grew a replacement thumb bone using a scaffold of coral for a man whose thumb had been crushed.
Vacanti says that he coined the term tissue engineering in 1991 in the context of organ replacement, though it had been used earlier for other uses and his coining is disputed (for example, the term was used in 1984 in the same context by an ophthalmic surgeon).
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